By CCD and CMOS production principles not essentially different, but in general, universal use of digital camera image quality is better than CCD chips, because CCD is integrated in the semiconductor crystal materials, but CMOS is integrated in the metal known as oxide semiconductor materials, because the CMOS structure is relatively simple, with the existing large scale integrated circuit production process the same, so the production cost can be lowered.
In principle, CMOS signal is a point unit charge signals, in units of CCD is based on current signals, the former is more sensitive and faster, more power. Now is not advanced CMOS CCD worse than the average, but is not very mature CMOS process, the ordinary low-resolution CMOS imaging generally poor. Both are using light-sensitive diode (photodiode) for photoelectric conversion, the image is converted to digital data, and the main difference is that digital data transmission in different ways.
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Take a look at the principles of these two photoreceptors: CCD (Charge Coupled Device, sensitive coupling components), is a record light changes to semiconductor components. By a number of sensitive units, usually in units of megapixels. When the CCD surface by light irradiation, each light-sensitive charge will be reflected in the component units, all of the signals produced by light-sensitive units together to form a complete picture.
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) and CCD as the same as in the digital camera can record light changes semiconductors. CMOS manufacturing technology and general computer chips no difference, mainly using both silicon and germanium semiconductors made of elements to make it coexist with the CMOS on N (with a – e) and P (with a + e)-class semiconductors, these two complementary effects can be generated by the current record and interpreted chip image.
With the level of development of science and technology, CMOS is now being overcome various deficiencies, more and more products in the digital CMOS applications. CMOS is now in the formation of a monopoly on high-end market trends. CCD sensor sensitivity, resolution, noise control, etc. are better than CMOS sensors, while the CMOS sensor is low cost, low power consumption and high integration of features. However, as CCD and CMOS sensor technology, the difference between the trend of shrinking, for example, CCD sensors have been in power to make improvements to the market for mobile communications (in this regard on behalf of the industry as the Sanyo); CMOS sensor resolution and sensitivity in terms of improving the deficiencies to be applied to more high-end image products.
Since CMOS sensors are required to match each of a photosensitive diode amplifier, and amplifier are analog circuits, so that each amplifier is difficult to get consistent results, so with only one amp on the edge of the CCD sensor chip compared, CMOS sensor a lot of noise will increase and affect the image quality.
Towards a new generation of CCD as the improvement goals to reduce power consumption in order to enter the mobile camera phone market; CMOS series, then started toward the large area and high speed image processing chip integration, image processing by the subsequent amendment to noise and image quality performance The current situation is that many low-end entry-level digital camera with cheap low-grade CMOS chip, image quality is relatively poor.
Since each pixel CMOS sensor consists of four transistors and a light-sensitive diode form (including the amplifier and A / D conversion circuit), so that each pixel of the photosensitive pixel region is much smaller than the surface area itself, so the pixel size the same circumstances, CMOS sensor sensitivity is lower than the CCD sensor.
CCD can be said that in recent years monopolized the consumer DC market, but also because of inherent limitations CCD, making the DC is difficult to achieve full 1080p pixel high-speed continuous shooting and video recording; CMOS technology have made great progress in recent years, quality and control of noise to be increased dramatically, but also have the ability of high-speed continuous shooting, and as Nikon, Sony SLRs began to use CMOS, also shows that CMOS technology is being recognized.
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